the current study which is an expacto one,has been carried out with the purpose of comparing the bone mineral density(bmd) of menopause women athletes who were professional at weight bearing sports and non-weight bearing sports.the participants were all menopause women athletes of tehran that 20 of them were aimfully put in two groups: the weight bearing sports group(handball and basketball; n=...

PURPOSE To measure anatomic variations of the lumbar plexus within the psoas in relation to the L2/3, L3/4, and L4/5 disc spaces and to delineate a safe zone to avoid nerve injury during retractor placement via the transpsoas approach. METHODS Six male and 6 female cadavers (24 psoas/ lumbar plexuses) aged 35 to 74 years were dissected. The lumbar plexus was isolated bilaterally. The L2, L3, ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) was introduced 50 years ago. The Lumbar I/F cage (DePuy Spine, Raynham, MA) was designed to enhance PLIF results. PLIF with the Lumbar I/F cage and posterior Variable Screw Placement System (VSP) has increased the success of fusion to nearly 100% at the four lowest lumbar levels, L2-L3 through L5-S1. Less commonly, PLIF is indicated fo...

The lumbar spine is subjected to considerable stress during many athletic efforts. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of physiological loading on the lumbar spine in national male players of different games, which may be predictive of the future development of low back pain and injury symptoms. Thirty-four national players (12 cricket players, 12 field hockey players, and 10 ba...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the paraspinal muscle cross-sectional area and the relative proprioceptive weighting ratio during local vibratory stimulation of older persons with lumbar spondylosis in an upright position. [Subjects] In all, 74 older persons hospitalized for lumbar spondylosis were included. [Methods] We measured the relative proprioc...

BACKGROUND Spine procedures continue to increase significantly. As such, a more precise understanding of the anatomy, especially the pars interarticularis (PI) is critical. Current data characterizing the PI level-by-level is lacking. This study analyzed the average PI width at each level of the lumbar spine in order to elucidate statistically significant PI variations between lumbar levels. ...

Incidental detection of lumbar Paget's disease by bone densitometry SIR, Bone densitometry of the hip and lumbar spine using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used to diagnose osteoporosis. We report three patients who were referred for bone densitometry, in whom a diagnosis of Paget's disease was made after the investigation of significantly increased bone mineral density (BMD) of a si...

BACKGROUND X-ray images of lumbar degenerative diseases often show not only claw osteophytes, but also pairs of osteophytes that form in a direction away from the adjacent disc. We have investigated the direction of the formation of anterior lumbar vertebral osteophytes across the lumbar vertebrae using a sufficient number of lumbar radiographs, because osteophytes images can provide essential ...

Introduction: Disc degeneration is a natural aging process characterized by changes in appearance and chemical structure of the disc. This degeneration leads to back pain. In regard to the limitation of current therapeutical methods for patients with degenerated discs, arthroplasty has been suggested as an alternative method. To manufacture artificial discs for Iranians, determining normal lumb...